1. Study of Tumors
<p><strong>Oncology</strong> is the branch of medicine that deals with the study, diagnosis, treatment, and management of tumors and cancer.</p>
2. Study of Reptiles and Amphibians
<p><strong>Herpetology</strong> is the study of reptiles and amphibians, encompassing their biology, behavior, ecology, and conservation.</p>
3. Study of cell nuclei
<p><strong>Karyology</strong> is the study of cell nuclei, focusing on the structure, function, and behavior of chromosomes within the nucleus.</p>
4. Thyroid gland produces hormones
<p>The thyroid gland produces two main hormones: <strong>triiodothyronine (T3)</strong> and <strong>thyroxine (T4)</strong>.</p>
<p>These hormones play crucial roles in regulating metabolism, growth, and development in the body.</p>
5. Combination of exocrine and endocrine gland
<p>The pancreas functions as both an <strong>exocrine</strong> gland, producing digestive enzymes that are released into the small intestine, and an <strong>endocrine</strong> gland, producing hormones like insulin and glucagon that are released into the bloodstream to regulate blood sugar levels.</p>
6. The study of Male reproductive system
<p><strong>Andrology</strong> is the study of the male reproductive system, focusing on male health issues, including fertility, erectile dysfunction, and other related conditions.</p>
7. Largest of the endocrine gland is
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<p><strong>The thyroid gland</strong> is the largest of the endocrine glands and is located in the front of the neck.</p>
<p>It plays a crucial role in regulating metabolism through the production of hormones like thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3).</p>
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8. Insulin was first discovered in
<p>Insulin was first discovered in <strong>1921</strong> by Canadian researchers <strong>Frederick Banting</strong> and <strong>Charles Best</strong>. They successfully isolated insulin from the pancreas of dogs, leading to its use as a treatment for diabetes.</p>
9. World’s diabetes day is celebrated on
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<p>World Diabetes Day is celebrated on <strong>November 14</strong>. This date was chosen to mark the birthday of Sir Frederick Banting, who co-discovered insulin.</p>
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10. The most important Mineralo Corticoid is
<p><strong>Aldosterone</strong> is the most important mineralocorticoid hormone, produced by the adrenal glands.</p>
<p>It plays a crucial role in regulating sodium and potassium levels in the blood, as well as maintaining blood pressure and fluid balance</p>
11. The endocrine part of pancreas called
<p>The Islets of Langerhans are the endocrine part of the pancreas, responsible for producing hormones such as insulin and glucagon, which regulate blood sugar levels.</p>
12. Which hormone stimulates the construction of blood vessel thereby increases the blood pressure
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<p><strong>Vasopressin</strong>, also known as <strong>antidiuretic hormone (ADH)</strong>, stimulates the constriction of blood vessels, which increases blood pressure. It also helps regulate water balance in the body by promoting water reabsorption in the kidneys.</p>
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13. Study of worms
<p><strong>Helminthology</strong> is the study of worms, particularly parasitic worms (helminths) that can affect humans, animals, and plants.</p>
14. The glands which is close to heart between two lungs
<p>The <strong>thymus gland</strong> is located in the upper chest, between the two lungs and just behind the sternum.</p>
<p>It plays a crucial role in the immune system, particularly in the development of T-lymphocytes (T cells), which are essential for adaptive immunity.</p>
15. Fight flight hormones are
<p>Both adrenaline (also known as epinephrine) and norepinephrine are hormones released by the adrenal glands during the body's "fight or flight" response, preparing the body to respond to stressful situations by increasing heart rate, blood flow, and energy availability.</p>
16. Conversion of non carbohydrates like fats and proteins into the glucose
<p><strong>Gluconeogenesis</strong> is the metabolic process through which non-carbohydrate sources, such as fats and proteins, are converted into glucose.</p>
<p>This process is essential for maintaining blood sugar levels, especially during periods of fasting or intense exercise.</p>
17. Type 1 Diabetes means pick odd
<p><strong>Type 1 Diabetes</strong> is characterized by the failure of insulin production, making it <strong>Insulin Dependent Diabetes</strong>. In contrast, <strong>Insulin Independent Diabetes</strong> typically refers to Type 2 Diabetes, where the body may still produce insulin but is resistant to its effects.</p>
18. Study of Fungus
<p><strong>Mycology</strong> is the scientific study of fungi, including their genetic and biochemical properties, their taxonomy, and their use in medicine and food, as well as their impact on humans, other organisms, and the environment.</p>
19. Type 2 Diabetes means pick odd
<p><strong>Type 2 Diabetes</strong> is typically characterized as <strong>Insulin Independent Diabetes</strong> and is associated with <strong>insulin resistance syndrome</strong>.</p>
<p>In Type 2 Diabetes, the body produces insulin, but it is less effective or there is not enough insulin to maintain normal glucose levels. In contrast, <strong>Type 1 Diabetes</strong> is the form that is insulin dependent.</p>
20. Hypo secretion of ADH leads to a condition of excess water lose in urine called
<p>Hyposecretion of antidiuretic hormone (ADH) leads to <strong>Diabetes Insipidus</strong>, a condition characterized by excessive thirst and the excretion of large amounts of dilute urine, resulting in excess water loss.</p>
21. Thermoregulatory center of the body
<p>The<strong> hypothalamus</strong> is the thermoregulatory center of the body. It plays a crucial role in maintaining the body's temperature by regulating heat production and heat loss, helping to keep the internal environment stable (homeostasis).</p>
22. Study of virus
<p><strong>Virology</strong> is the study of viruses, including their structure, classification, evolution, and interactions with host organisms.</p>
23. Study of the throat
<p><strong>Pharyngology</strong> is the study of the pharynx, which is the throat area that connects the nasal cavity and mouth to the esophagus and larynx.</p>
24. Abnormal increase of in the number of WBC
<p><strong>Leukemia</strong> is a type of cancer characterized by the abnormal increase in the number of white blood cells (WBCs) in the bone marrow and blood, which can interfere with the production of normal blood cells.</p>
25. Number of WBC per cubic meter of blood is
<p>The normal number of white blood cells (WBCs) per cubic millimeter (not cubic meter) of blood is typically <strong>8,000 – 12,000</strong>.</p>
<p>So, the correct range is <strong>8000 – 12000 WBCs per cubic millimeter</strong>.</p>
26. Blood is also called as
<p>Blood is often referred to as the <strong>"red river of life</strong>" because it plays a vital role in transporting oxygen, nutrients, and other essential substances throughout the body, supporting life.</p>
27. Life of RBC in humans is
<p>The average lifespan of red blood cells (RBCs) in humans is approximately <strong>120 days</strong>. After this period, they are typically removed from circulation by the spleen and liver.</p>
28. Vitamin which acts an accessory blood clotting factor
<p><strong>Vitamin K</strong> acts as an accessory blood clotting factor, playing a crucial role in the synthesis of proteins required for blood coagulation.</p>
29. Study of fermentation
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<p><strong>Zymology</strong> is the study of fermentation, focusing on the biochemical processes involved in fermentation and the organisms that carry out these processes.</p>
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30. Abnormal increase in number of RBC is
<p><strong>Polycythemia</strong> refers to the abnormal increase in the number of red blood cells (RBCs) in the bloodstream, which can lead to increased blood viscosity and related health issues.</p>
31. Citrus Canker, plant disease is caused by _____ micro organism?
<p>Citrus Canker is a plant disease caused by the bacterium <em>Xanthomonas axonopodis</em> pv. <em>citri</em>. It affects citrus plants, leading to lesions on leaves, stems, and fruit, impacting overall health.</p>
32. Squashes are preserved by ____?
<p>Vinegar is commonly used in pickling processes to preserve squashes and other vegetables, enhancing their flavor and extending shelf life.</p>
33. ______ among the following is a synthetic fibre?
<p>Polyester is a synthetic fiber commonly used in textiles, while wool and silk are natural fibers derived from animals.</p>
34. ______ among the following are natural fibres?
<p>Cotton, wool, and silk are all natural fibers derived from plants and animals.</p>
35. _____ among the following are preservatives of micro organisms?
<p>Both <strong>Sodium Benzoate</strong> and <strong>Sodium Meta Bi-Sulphite</strong> are used as preservatives to inhibit the growth of microorganisms in various food products.</p>
36. Mode of transmission of Citrus Canker is ?
<p>Citrus Canker can be transmitted through both water and air, as the bacteria can spread via rain splashes, wind, and contaminated tools or equipment.</p>
37. ______ among the following is a plant disease?
<p><strong>Citrus Canker</strong> and <strong>Rust of Wheat</strong> are both plant diseases, while <strong>Okra</strong> is a plant that can be affected by various diseases, including these mentioned.</p>
38. Pasteurization is discovered by ____?
<p><strong>Louis Pasteur</strong> discovered the process of pasteurization, which involves heating liquids to kill harmful microorganisms without significantly altering the liquid's quality.</p>
39. Cellulose is made up of a large number of ______ units?
<p>Cellulose is a polysaccharide composed of a large number of glucose units linked together by β-1,4-glycosidic bonds. It serves as a structural component in the cell walls of plants, providing rigidity and strength.</p>
40. _____ among the following is a man made fibre?
<p><strong>Nylon</strong> is a synthetic or man-made fiber, while wool and silk are natural fibers derived from animals.</p>
41. Plastics which are deformed easily on heating are called?
<p><strong>Thermo plastics</strong> can be easily deformed when heated and can be remolded multiple times without undergoing any significant chemical change.</p>
42. _____ are examples of Thermoplastics?
<p><strong>Polythene</strong> (polyethylene) and <strong>PVC</strong> (polyvinyl chloride) are both examples of thermoplastics.</p>
43. Biodiesel is made from ?
44. _____ among the following are examples of fuels?
45. Petroleum is a mixture of a large no of different ___________?
46. Pyrometer is used to measure heat of furnace upto temperature ?
47. A material suddenly burst into flames without any apparent cause is called as _____?
48. Gas burns rapidly and produces heat and light. This process is called as?
50. The substances which have very low ignition temperature are called as?
51. The lowest temperature at which a substance catches fire is called as?
52. A chemical process in which substance reacts with oxygen to give heat is known as?
53. Many useful substances are obtained from petroleum and natural gas are called as?
54. _____ among the following are the constituents of Petroleum?
55. Petroleum is also called as?
56. ______ is used in Jet Aircrafts?
<p><strong>Kerosene</strong>, specifically Jet A-1 (unleaded kerosene) or Jet B (a naphtha-kerosene blend), is widely used as aviation fuel in jet aircraft. Jet A-1 is favored for its low freezing point and high energy content, while Jet B is used in colder climates for better cold-weather performance.</p>
57. Bitumen is used in _____?
<p><strong>Bitumen</strong> is used in both paints and road surfacing.</p>
58. Paraffin Wax is used in?
<p>Paraffin wax is a versatile substance used in ointments for skin protection, in candle making for a clean burn, and in Vaseline for its moisturizing and protective properties.</p>
59. CNG is used for ____?
<p>CNG (Compressed Natural Gas) serves multiple purposes, including burning for heating and electricity generation, making it a versatile energy source.</p>
<p>About 40% of natural gas in the U.S. is used for electric power production. Additionally, CNG is a cleaner alternative for fuel in automobiles, reducing emissions compared to traditional fuels.</p>
60. CNG stands for?
<p>CNG stands for Compressed Natural Gas, which is natural gas stored at high pressure. It is a cleaner fuel option for vehicles and is also used for heating and power generation.</p>
61. Petrol and diesel are obtained from a natural resource called?
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<p>Petrol and diesel are derived from petroleum, a natural resource formed from ancient organic materials. These fuels are essential for transportation and various industrial applications due to their high energy content.</p>
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62. Bakelite is a ______ plastic?
<p>Bakelite is a thermosetting plastic, meaning it hardens permanently when heated and cannot be remolded.</p>
63. ______ are the examples of Thermosetting Plastics?
<p>Bakelite and melamine are both examples of thermosetting plastics.</p>
64. Polyester is actually made up of repeating units of ?
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<p>Polyester is a synthetic polymer composed of repeating units of esters, formed through a condensation reaction between diols and dicarboxylic acids, commonly used in fabrics and plastic products.</p>
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65. A material which gets decomposed through natural process is called as?
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<p>A biodegradable material decomposes naturally through the action of microorganisms, breaking down into harmless substances over time.</p>
<p>This process helps reduce waste and environmental impact, promoting sustainability and ecological balance.</p>
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66. ______ is a by-product of Coal?
<p><strong>Coke</strong> is a by-product of coal, produced during the carbonization process in coke ovens. It is primarily used as a fuel and reducing agent in metal smelting, particularly in iron production.</p>
67. When heated in air, coal burns and produces _____?
<p>When coal is burned in the presence of sufficient oxygen, it primarily produces <strong>carbon dioxide gas (CO₂)</strong> as a by-product. In conditions where there is limited oxygen, it can also produce <strong>carbon monoxide (CO)</strong>.</p>
<p>Here’s a brief overview:</p>
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<li><strong>Carbon Dioxide (CO₂)</strong>: Produced during complete combustion, where oxygen is plentiful.</li>
<li><strong>Carbon Monoxide (CO)</strong>: Produced during incomplete combustion, often when oxygen supply is limited.</li>
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<p>Both gases are significant in discussions about environmental impact and air quality.</p>
68. Coal is a _____?
<p>Coal is classified as a fossil fuel and a non-renewable resource due to its formation and characteristics.</p>
<h3>Fossil Fuel</h3>
<p>Coal is considered a fossil fuel because it is formed from the remains of ancient plants that lived millions of years ago. Through a process called carbonization, these dead plants were subjected to high pressure and temperatures over time, transforming them into coal.</p>
<h3>Non-Renewable Resource</h3>
<p>Coal is also a non-renewable resource because it exists in finite quantities and cannot be replenished on a human timescale. Once extracted and burned, coal cannot be easily replaced. Additionally, the extraction and combustion of coal can lead to significant environmental and social issues, including air pollution, habitat destruction, and greenhouse gas emissions.</p>
69. The slow process of conversion of dead vegetation into coal is called as?
<p><strong>Carbonization</strong> is the slow process through which dead vegetation is converted into coal.</p>
70. _____ among the following are fossils fuels?
<p>Coal, petroleum, and natural gas are all considered fossil fuels.</p>
71. Resources which are limited in nature are called as?
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<p>Exhaustible resources are limited natural resources that can be depleted through use, such as fossil fuels, minerals, and freshwater. Their finite nature poses challenges for sustainability and future availability.</p>
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72. _____ are formed from dead remains of living organisms?
<p>Coal, petroleum, and natural gas are formed from the remains of ancient plants and animals. Over millions of years, heat and pressure transformed these organic materials into fossil fuels.</p>
73. The resources which are present in unlimited quantity in nature are called as?
<p>Resources that are present in unlimited quantities in nature are called inexhaustible resources.</p>
74. Non metals do not react with?
<p>Non-metals typically do not react with water due to their nature as electron acceptors and their high electronegativity, which prevents them from breaking the hydrogen-oxygen bonds.</p>
<p>They also cannot reduce hydrogen by donating electrons. However, non-metal oxides can react with water to form acids, contributing to acid rain.</p>
75. Non metallic oxides are ______ in nature?
<p>Non-metallic oxides are primarily acidic, reacting with water to form acids. Examples include sulfur dioxide, which forms sulfurous acid, and carbon dioxide, which forms carbonic acid when dissolved in water.</p>
76. Metallic oxides are ________ in nature?
<p>Metallic oxides are generally basic, reacting with acids to form salts and water.</p>
<p>Examples include magnesium oxide and sodium oxide, which neutralize acids and exhibit basic properties in reactions.</p>
77. The property of metal by which it can be drawn into wires is called____?
<p>Ductility is the property of metals that enables them to be stretched or drawn into wires without breaking. This characteristic is crucial for various applications, including electrical wiring and construction materials.</p>
78. The property of metals by which they can be beaten into thin sheets is called?
<p><strong>Malleability</strong> is the property of metals that enables them to be hammered or pressed into thin sheets without breaking.</p>
<p>This characteristic is essential for applications like metal foil and sheet metal fabrication.</p>
79. _____ is a non biodegradable substance?
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<p>Tin, aluminum, and plastic are non-biodegradable substances that do not decompose naturally over time. Their persistence in the environment poses significant challenges for waste management and ecological balance.</p>
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80. _____ is a biodegradable substance?
<p>Cotton cloth, paper, and wood are biodegradable substances that decompose naturally over time through the action of microorganisms. Their breakdown contributes to soil health and reduces environmental waste.</p>