1. Which among the following is not a true fruit?
Apple is a false fruit (also called a pseudocarp) because it develops from the thalamus instead of the ovary. True fruits develop from the ovary of a flower after fertilization.
2. Golden rice has the highest quantity of
Golden rice is genetically modified to contain beta-carotene, a precursor of Vitamin A, to help combat Vitamin A deficiency, especially in developing countries.
3. Which of the following is a plant hormone?
Auxin is a plant hormone that regulates growth, cell elongation, and responses to light and gravity.
4. Golden rice has the highest quantity of
Golden rice is genetically modified to contain beta-carotene, which the body converts into Vitamin A, helping to combat Vitamin A deficiency.
5. The litmus paper utilized in the chemical laboratories is made of
Litmus paper is made from lichens, which contain natural dyes that change color in response to acids and bases.
6. Epiphytes are plants which depend on other plants for
Epiphytes are plants that grow on other plants without taking nutrients from them. They rely on the host plant only for mechanical support, while they absorb moisture and nutrients from the air, rain, or debris. Examples include orchids and ferns.
7. Which one of the following is an active component of oil of clove?
Eugenol is the active component of clove oil, responsible for its strong aroma and medicinal properties. It is widely used in dentistry as a pain reliever and has antibacterial and anti-inflammatory effects.
8. Which one of the following is the longest flower in the world?
Rafflesia arnoldii produces the largest individual flower in the world, measuring up to 3 feet (1 meter) in diameter. It is a parasitic plant with a strong odor resembling rotting flesh, which helps attract pollinators like flies.
9. Which of the following bears naked seeds?
Gymnosperms are seed-producing plants that bear naked seeds, meaning their seeds are not enclosed within a fruit. Examples include pine, fir, and cycad trees.
10. Water equivalent is equal to the product of
Water equivalent (W) is defined as the mass of water that would absorb the same amount of heat as a given substance for the same temperature rise. It is given by:
𝑊 = W=m×c
where:
m = mass of the substance
c = specific heat capacity of the substance
Thus, water equivalent is equal to the product of mass and specific heat.
11. The gas released during the photosynthesis by the green plants is
During photosynthesis, green plants use sunlight to convert carbon dioxide (CO2) and water (H2O) into glucose (C6H12O6 ) and oxygen (O2). The overall reaction is:
6CO2+6H2O+Light Energy→C6H12O6 + 6O2
Oxygen is released as a byproduct of this process and is essential for respiration in most living organisms.
12. In which mode of transmission, the heat waves travel along straight line with the speed of light?
Thermal radiation is the mode of heat transfer in which heat energy is emitted in the form of electromagnetic waves (mainly infrared radiation). These waves travel in a straight line at the speed of light (≈ 3 × 10⁸ m/s) and do not require a medium for transmission.
Examples of thermal radiation:
Heat from the Sun reaching Earth
Heat emitted by a fire or an electric heater
13. Which of the following metals is found in the chlorophyll?
Chlorophyll, the green pigment essential for photosynthesis in plants, contains magnesium (Mg) at its core. This magnesium ion (Mg²⁺) is crucial for capturing light energy and aiding in the conversion of sunlight into chemical energy.
14. The normal temperature of the human body is
The normal human body temperature is 98.6°F (37°C), though it can slightly vary between 97°F to 99°F (36.1°C to 37.2°C) depending on factors like time of day and activity level.
15. Any foreign particle which stimulates the formation of antibodies is called
An antigen is any foreign substance (such as bacteria, viruses, or toxins) that stimulates the immune system to produce antibodies in response.
16. Pressure exerted by gas is
According to the ideal gas equation:
𝑃 = 𝜌𝑅𝑇/𝑀
where P is pressure, ρ is density, R is the universal gas constant, T is temperature, and M is molar mass.
For a constant temperature, pressure P is directly proportional to the density ρ of the gas.
17. At absolute zero temperature, the kinetic energy of the molecules
At absolute zero temperature (0 K or -273.15°C), all molecular motion theoretically ceases. Since kinetic energy (KE) is directly proportional to temperature, at 0 K, the kinetic energy of the molecules becomes zero.
18. Which is a small conical gland like structure of unknown function found in the brain of vertebrates?
The pineal body (pineal gland) is a small, conical gland located deep in the center of the brain in vertebrates. It is primarily known for producing and regulating hormones, especially melatonin, which influences sleep-wake cycles. Though its exact function is still being studied, it plays a key role in regulating biological rhythms.
19. The richest source of Vitamin D is
Cod liver oil is the richest natural source of Vitamin D, containing high amounts of Vitamin D3 (cholecalciferol). It helps in calcium absorption and bone health. Other sources like cheese, milk, and spinach contain some Vitamin D but in much lower amounts.
20. The antibiotic which is extracted from the fungi is
Penicillin (discovered by Alexander Fleming) and Cephalosporin are antibiotics derived from fungi. Penicillin is extracted from Penicillium mold, while Cephalosporin is obtained from Acremonium (previously Cephalosporium).
Other antibiotics like Erythromycin and Streptomycin are produced by bacteria, not fungi.
21. Liquid is converted to gas before reaching its boiling point is called
Evaporation is the process by which a liquid is converted to a gas at temperatures below its boiling point. This occurs at the surface of the liquid when molecules gain enough energy to break free into the air.
22. The organ affected by jaundice is
Jaundice is a condition characterized by the yellowing of the skin and the whites of the eyes, which occurs when there is an excess of bilirubin (a yellow pigment) in the blood. This is usually a result of problems with the liver, where bilirubin is processed.
23. Where is ptyalin produced?
Ptyalin is an enzyme produced in the salivary glands. It is responsible for initiating the breakdown of starch into simpler sugars (maltose) during the process of digestion in the mouth.
24. Period of complete development of foetus starting with implantation till the birth of young one is called
Gestation is the period of complete development of the fetus, starting from the implantation of the fertilized egg in the uterus until the birth of the young one. It typically lasts about 9 months in humans.
25. Transpiration takes place through
Transpiration is the process by which water is absorbed by plant roots from the soil, moves through the plant, and is released as water vapor primarily through the stomata (small openings) in the leaves.
26. The process by which plant prepare their food material is called
Photosynthesis is the process by which plants prepare their food. It involves the conversion of carbon dioxide and water into glucose and oxygen, using sunlight as the energy source, with the help of chlorophyll in the plant cells.
27. The atmospheric carbon dioxide enters into the plants through the process of
During photosynthesis, plants convert carbon dioxide and water into glucose and oxygen using sunlight. Assimilation involves incorporating nutrients, while respiration releases carbon dioxide. Decomposition breaks down organic matter.
28. The plant body of mushroom is
The plant body of a mushroom is the mycelium, which is a network of thread-like structures (hyphae) that spread out in the soil or other growth medium.
29. The symbiotic association of fungi and vascular plants is
Mycorrhizae is the symbiotic association between fungi and the roots of vascular plants, where the fungus provides nutrients (especially phosphorus) to the plant, and the plant supplies the fungus with carbohydrates.
30. Which of the following substances is widely used as inhalation anaesthetic?
Nitrous oxide, commonly known as laughing gas, is widely used as an inhalation anesthetic for its sedative and pain-relieving properties.
31. Which of the following is connected with blood pressure?
The adrenal glands produce hormones like adrenaline and aldosterone that play a key role in regulating blood pressure. Adrenaline increases heart rate and blood pressure, while aldosterone helps control sodium and fluid balance.
32. A gas behaves as an ideal gas more closely at
At low pressures and high temperatures, the gas molecules are far apart and move rapidly, which makes them behave more like ideal gases, where intermolecular forces and volume of the gas molecules are negligible.