1. A declaration float a; occupies ______of memory ?
The memory occupied by float a; depends on the system and compiler:
On most systems (32-bit and 64-bit): float typically occupies 4 bytes.
If using double instead of float: It usually occupies 8 bytes.
Since the question specifies float a;, the correct answer is 4 bytes.
2. In which type of computer, data are represented as discrete signals.
All digital computers represent data as discrete signals using binary digits (bits), which can be either 0 or 1. These bits are used to encode various types of information, including numbers, letters, symbols, and instructions.
This binary system allows digital computers to perform complex calculations, store data, and execute programs efficiently.
3. Which of the following is available in the form of a PC now?
A Microcomputer is commonly referred to as a PC (Personal Computer) and is designed for individual use. It includes desktops, laptops, and tablets.
Mainframe computers are large and powerful systems used for enterprise-level applications.
Minicomputers (also known as mid-range computers) were used earlier but are now mostly replaced by servers and high-performance PCs.
4. Microprocessors as switching devices are for which generation computers
Microprocessors were introduced as switching devices in Fourth Generation computers (1970s–present).
Generations of Computers and Their Switching Devices:
First Generation (1940s–1950s) – Used vacuum tubes.
Second Generation (1950s–1960s) – Used transistors.
Third Generation (1960s–1970s) – Used integrated circuits (ICs).
Fourth Generation (1970s–present) – Used microprocessors.
Thus, Fourth Generation computers marked the beginning of modern PCs with microprocessor-based architecture.
5. Which of the following is a type of network
Ring, Bus, and Star are topologies (ways to arrange network devices).
PAN (Personal Area Network) is a type of network used for short-range communication, such as Bluetooth and Wi-Fi connections between personal devices (smartphones, laptops, etc.).
6. LAN stands for……………
LAN (Local Area Network) is a network that connects computers and devices within a limited geographical area, such as a home, office, or school. It allows fast and secure communication between connected devices.
7. What is a LAN?
A LAN (Local Area Network) is a network that connects computers and devices within a small geographical area, such as a home, office, school, or building. It enables fast data transfer and communication between connected devices.
8. What is the purpose of a graphics card (GPU) in a computer?
A graphics card (GPU) is responsible for rendering images, videos, and animations, providing hardware acceleration for graphics processing. It enhances the performance of tasks related to gaming, video editing, 3D rendering, and more. It does not store data, manage network connections, or display text documents.
9. Which of the following is a binary number system?
The binary number system is based on two digits: 0 and 1. It is the foundation of all digital systems, including computers.
Binary is a base-2 system, using only the digits 0 and 1.
Decimal is a base-10 system, using digits 0 to 9.
Octal is a base-8 system, using digits 0 to 7.
Hexadecimal is a base-16 system, using digits 0 to 9 and letters A to F (where A=10, B=11, C=12, D=13, E=14, and F=15).
10. What is the function of a cache memory in a computer?
Cache memory is a small, high-speed memory located close to the CPU. Its purpose is to store frequently accessed data and instructions so that the CPU can quickly retrieve them, improving overall performance by reducing the time spent accessing slower main memory (RAM).
11. “MAN” stands for
A MAN (Metropolitan Area Network) is a type of network that covers a larger geographic area than a LAN but is smaller than a WAN (Wide Area Network). It typically spans a city or a large campus, providing high-speed internet and data connections across multiple buildings or locations within the metropolitan area.
12. C was developed in the year ___
The C programming language was developed in 1972 by Dennis Ritchie at Bell Labs. It became widely used for system programming and software development
13. Computers, combine both measuring and counting, are called :
Hybrid computers combine both analog and digital technologies. They are capable of performing both measuring (analog) and counting (digital) tasks. Hybrid computers are typically used in specialized applications such as simulations and scientific research where both continuous and discrete data processing are required.
14. In world today, most of the computers are
Today, most computers are digital. They process data in discrete binary form (0s and 1s), making them suitable for a wide range of applications, including personal computing, business, scientific research, and entertainment. Digital computers are more common than analog or hybrid computers in modern times.
15. Physical structure of computer is called
The hardware of a computer refers to its physical components, such as the CPU, memory, hard drive, motherboard, and peripheral devices. These are the tangible parts that you can touch and interact with.
Software refers to the programs and instructions that run on the hardware.
Humanware is a term sometimes used to describe the human aspect of computing, like the users and operators of computers.
16. PARAM is an example of:
PARAM is a series of supercomputers developed by the Centre for Development of Advanced Computing (C-DAC) in India. These supercomputers are used for high-performance computing tasks such as scientific research, weather forecasting, and complex simulations.
17. UNIVAC is
UNIVAC (Universal Automatic Computer) was one of the earliest commercially produced computers. It was developed by J. Presper Eckert and John W. Mauchly in the 1950s. UNIVAC was used for a variety of purposes, including scientific calculations, business data processing, and government use.
18. The basic operations performed by a computer are
A computer performs the following basic operations:
Arithmetic operations (such as addition, subtraction, multiplication, division)
Logical operations (such as comparisons and decision-making)
Storage and retrieval operations (storing and accessing data from memory)
All of these operations are fundamental to the functioning of a computer.
19. The two major types of computer chips are
The two major types of computer chips are:
Primary memory chip (RAM, for temporary storage during processing)
Microprocessor chip (the CPU, responsible for executing instructions and performing computations)
These chips are essential for the functioning of a computer system. External memory chips (like storage drives) are not considered a primary type of chip in the context of processing tasks.
20. Which of the following is/ are operating systems
All the options listed are operating systems:
Windows: A popular operating system developed by Microsoft.
Unix: A powerful, multi-user, multitasking operating system used mainly in servers and workstations.
OS/2: An operating system developed by IBM and Microsoft, though it is now largely obsolete.
These operating systems manage computer hardware and software, providing services for computer programs.
21. Which of the following is a network topology
BUS is a type of network topology where all devices are connected to a single central cable (the bus).
While LAN (Local Area Network), WAN (Wide Area Network), and MAN (Metropolitan Area Network) are types of network types or categories, BUS is specifically a topology that defines how devices are physically connected in a network.
22. VOIP stands for……….
VOIP (Voice over IP) is a technology that allows voice communication to be transmitted over the Internet Protocol (IP) network, enabling voice calls via the internet instead of traditional telephone lines. Examples include services like Skype, WhatsApp calls, and Zoom.
23. The first web browser is
Mosaic was the first widely used web browser, released in 1993. It played a significant role in popularizing the World Wide Web and was developed by the National Center for Supercomputing Applications (NCSA).
Netscape was a later browser, launched in 1994, which became popular after Mosaic.
Internet Explorer was released by Microsoft in 1995.
Collabra was a collaboration tool, not primarily a web browser.
24. ………. are set of rules and procedures to control the data transmission over the internet
A protocol is a set of rules and procedures that control how data is transmitted over a network, such as the Internet.
Examples include the Transmission Control Protocol (TCP), Internet Protocol (IP), and Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP). These protocols ensure proper communication between devices across networks.
25. What is the primary function of a sound card in a computer?
A sound card is a hardware component in a computer that enables the system to process audio and provide input and output capabilities. It allows the computer to play sounds, record audio, and connect to audio devices like speakers, microphones, and headphones.