1. What is the main component of steel ?
Steel is mostly made of iron. Small amounts of carbon are added to make it stronger.
2. How many atoms are there in one unit cell of a BCC structure ?
In a Body-Centered Cubic (BCC) unit cell, there is: 1 atom at each of the 8 corners (each shared by 8 unit cells - counts as 1/8 atom per corner)
1 atom completely inside the center of the cube
Total atoms = (8 corners × 1/8) + 1 center = 1 + 1 = 2 atoms
3. Which test is used to measure hardness ?
The Brinell test is used to check how hard a material is by pressing a ball into it and measuring the indentation.
4. What is the main purpose of heat treatment ?
Heat treatment is done to make metals stronger, harder, or tougher by heating and cooling them in a controlled way.
5. When was Tata Steel established ?
Tata Steel was founded in the year 1907.
6. Tata Steel Jamshedpur plant is located on the bank of which river ?
The Tata Steel plant in Jamshedpur is situated on the banks of the Subarnarekha River.
7. Why is flux used in welding ?
Flux helps clean the metal by removing dirt and impurities during welding.
8. What is measured using a micrometer ?
A micrometer is used to measure the thickness or small dimensions of objects very precisely.
9. Which gas is used in MIG welding ?
In MIG welding, argon gas is used to protect the weld area from air and prevent contamination.
10. Which instrument is used to measure the speed of a motor ?
A tachometer measures how fast a motor is spinning (its speed).
11. What is the full form of CNC machine?
CNC stands for Computer Numeric Control, a machine controlled by a computer to perform precise tasks.
12. Which furnace is used for melting iron ?
An Electric Arc Furnace melts iron by using electric arcs to generate high temperatures.
13. When is a belt drive used ?
Belt drives are used to transfer power between shafts that are far apart.
14. Motor efficiency depends on which of the following ?
Motor efficiency is calculated by comparing output power to input power.
Efficiency = (Output Power ÷ Input Power) × 100%
15. Where is Tata Steel’s new plant located ?
Tata Steel’s new plant is located in Kalinganagar, Jajpur district, Odisha.
16. General Aptitude: What is the next number in the series: 2, 6, 12, 20, 30, ?
Differences: 4, 6, 8, 10, … (Increasing by 2)
So, next difference = 12
= 30 + 12 = 42
17. General Aptitude :
A train travels 120 km in 2 hours. What is its average speed ?
Speed = Distance / Time = 120 km / 2 h = 60 km/h
18. General Aptitude : If a shirt is bought for ₹400 and sold for ₹500, what is the profit % ?
Profit = ₹100
= (100 / 400) × 100 = 25%
19. General Aptitude : A number is divisible by both 3 and 5. What is the smallest such number above 10 ?
LCM of 3 and 5 = 15. First multiple after 10 = 15
20. General Aptitude : Find the value of (3² + 4²).
3² = 9, 4² = 16
9 + 16 = 25
21. Mechanical Engineering : Hooke’s Law states:
Hooke’s Law states that : Stress (σ) = E × Strain (ε)
Where:
σ = stress
ε = strain
E = Young’s modulus (material constant)
This law holds within the elastic limit of a material.
22. What is the unit of viscosity ?
The SI unit of dynamic viscosity is Pascal-second (Pa·s).
It measures the resistance to flow in fluids.
Other common unit (non-SI): Poise (P), where 1 Pa·s = 10 Poise.
23. Which cycle is used in internal combustion engines?
The Otto cycle is the ideal thermodynamic cycle used in petrol (spark-ignition) internal combustion engines.
It involves 4 steps:
Isentropic compression
Constant-volume heat addition
Isentropic expansion
Constant-volume heat rejection
24. Mechanical Engineering : Which of the following is not a thermodynamic process?
Isothermal, adiabatic, and isobaric are all types of thermodynamic processes involving heat, pressure, or temperature changes in a system.
Metallic bonding is a type of chemical bond found in metals — not a thermodynamic process.
25. Mechanical Engineering : In which process does heat transfer occur due to fluid motion?
Convection is the transfer of heat through the movement of fluids (liquids or gases).
Hot fluid rises and cooler fluid sinks, creating a flow that carries heat.
26. Electrical Engineering : What is the unit of electric current?
The SI unit of electric current is Ampere.
27. Which device converts AC to DC ?
A rectifier converts Alternating Current (AC) to Direct Current (DC).
28. In a parallel circuit, the voltage across each component is:
In a parallel circuit, the voltage is the same across all components.
29. Ohm’s Law is given by:
Ohm’s Law shows the relationship between voltage, current, and resistance.
Formula: V = I × R
Where:
• V = Voltage (in volts)
• I = Current (in amperes)
• R = Resistance (in ohms)
30. Electrical Engineering : What is the unit of resistance?
The SI unit of electrical resistance is the Ohm (Ω).
It measures how much a material resists the flow of electric current.
31. Electronics & Instrumentation :
A capacitor stores energy in:
A capacitor stores energy in the electric field created between its two plates when charged.
32. The function of a thermocouple is to:
A thermocouple generates a voltage based on the temperature difference between two junctions, which is used to measure temperature.
33. What is used to amplify signals ?
Transistors can amplify electrical signals and are commonly used as amplifiers and switches in electronic circuits.
34. Which instrument measures electric current ?
An ammeter is used to measure the electric current flowing through a circuit, in amperes
35. In Boolean algebra, 1 + 1 equals:
In Boolean algebra, 1 + 1 = 1 because the OR operation between two true values.
36. General Aptitude:
The LCM of 12 and 15 is:
LCM(12, 15) = 2² × 3 × 5 = 60
37. Simplify: (25 × 4) ÷ (5 × 2)
(100) ÷ (10) = 10
38. What is 20% of 150 ?
(20/100) × 150 = 30
39. A man earns ₹2400 per month. What is his annual income ?
₹2400 × 12 = ₹28,800
40. The square root of 144 is:
√144 = 12
41. Mechanical Engineering
What is the function of a flywheel in an engine?
A flywheel stores rotational energy to smooth engine speed by releasing and absorbing energy during cycles.
42. Bernoulli’s principle deals with:
Bernoulli’s principle explains the relationship between pressure, velocity, and energy in flowing fluids.
43. The hardest material on the Mohs scale is:
Diamond is the hardest material with a Mohs hardness of 10
44. The process of heating and cooling metal to soften it is:
Annealing softens metal, improves ductility, and reduces hardness
45. The ratio of output to input power is called:
Efficiency = (Output Power ÷ Input Power) × 100%
46. Which of these is a conductor ?
Copper is a metal that allows free movement of electrons, making it a good conductor of electricity.
47. The symbol "Ω" represents:
"Ω" is the symbol for Ohm, the unit of electrical resistance.
48. A device that steps up or down AC voltage is:
A transformer is used to increase (step-up) or decrease (step-down) AC voltage.
49. Which of the following is a renewable energy source ?
Solar energy is a renewable energy source because it comes from the sun and is naturally replenished.
In contrast, coal, petrol, and natural gas are non-renewable fossil fuels that can be exhausted.
50. The resistance of a wire depends on:
Resistance (R) depends on:
• Length (L) -More length = more resistance
• Area (A) - More area = less resistance
• Material - Resistivity (ρ)
Formula: R = ρ × (L / A)
51. Electronics & Instrumentation:
Which instrument measures voltage ?
A voltmeter measures the potential difference (voltage) between two points in a circuit.
52. Which logic gate has output 1 only if all inputs are 1 ?
An AND gate gives output 1 only when all inputs are 1.
53. What is the function of a diode ?
A diode allows electric current to flow in only one direction, making it essential in rectifier circuits.
54. Which signal is continuous in nature ?
Analog signals vary continuously over time and can take any value within a range.
55. In instrumentation, a sensor converts:
A sensor detects a physical change (like temperature, pressure) and converts it into an electrical signal.
56. General Aptitude
What is the value of (5³ – 3²) ?
Explanation:
5³ = 125, 3² = 9
= 125 – 9 = 116
57. A box contains 6 red balls and 4 green balls. Probability of drawing a red ball is:
Given:
Total red balls = 6
Total green balls = 4
Total balls = 6 + 4 = 10
To find: Probability of drawing a red ball
Formula:
Probability = Number of favorable outcomes / Total number of outcomes
Probability of red ball = 6/10
= 3/5
58. Find the HCF of 24 and 36:
Factors:
24 = 2×2×2×3;
36 = 2×2×3×3
HCF = 2×2×3 = 12
59. If the perimeter of a square is 40 cm, find its area.
Side = 40 ÷ 4 = 10 cm → Area = 10² = 100 cm²
60. What is the average of 10, 20, 30, 40, and 50 ?
(10 + 20 + 30 + 40 + 50) ÷ 5 = 150 ÷ 5 = 30
61. What is the average of 10, 20, 30, 40, and 50 ?
(10 + 20 + 30 + 40 + 50) ÷ 5 = 150 ÷ 5 = 30
62. Which of the following is a non-ferrous metal ?
Non-ferrous metals do not contain iron. Aluminium is a lightweight, corrosion-resistant non-ferrous metal.
63. What is the purpose of a flywheel in an engine ?
A flywheel stores energy during power strokes and releases it during other strokes to smooth out engine operation.
64. Which welding method uses a non-consumable electrode ?
TIG (Tungsten Inert Gas) welding uses a non-consumable tungsten electrode for precise and clean welding.
65. What is the main function of a bearing ?
Bearings reduce friction between moving parts and support rotating shafts.
66. Which of the following is a thermoplastic material ?
PVC (Polyvinyl Chloride) is a thermoplastic that softens on heating and hardens on cooling, allowing it to be reshaped.
67. Which instrument is used to measure electric current ?
An ammeter is used to measure the flow of electric current in amperes.
68. What is the unit of electrical energy ?
The kilowatt-hour (kWh) is the standard unit used by power companies to bill for electrical energy consumed.
69. Which law states that current is directly proportional to voltage ?
Ohm’s Law: I=VRI = \frac{V}{R}I=RV, where III is current, VVV is voltage, and RRR is resistance.
70. What device converts mechanical energy to electrical energy ?
A generator converts mechanical energy into electrical energy using electromagnetic induction.
71. Which of the following is a good conductor of electricity ?
Copper is a highly efficient conductor, commonly used in electrical wiring
72. Which material is commonly used as a semiconductor ?
Silicon is the most widely used semiconductor material in electronics due to its stability and abundance.
73. What is the function of a rectifier ?
A rectifier converts alternating current (AC) into direct current (DC), used in power supplies.
74. Which of the following is an active electronic component ?
A diode is an active component because it controls the flow of current and requires proper biasing.
75. Which instrument measures resistance ?
An ohmmeter is used specifically to measure electrical resistance in ohms (Ω).
76. In electronics, what does LED stand for ?
LED stands for Light Emitting Diode, a device that emits light when current flows through it.
77. The average of 10, 20, and 30 is:
Average = (10 + 20 + 30) / 3 = 60 / 3 = 20
78. What is the square root of 144 ?
√144 = 12
79. What is 25% of 200 ?
25% of 200 = (25/100) × 200 = 50
80. If x = 3, what is the value of x² + 2x + 1 ?
x² + 2x + 1 = 3² + 2×3 + 1 = 9 + 6 + 1 = 16
81. A shopkeeper gives 10% discount on ₹500. What is the selling price ?
Discount = 10% of 500 = ₹50 → Selling Price = 500 - 50 = ₹450
82. What does CAD stand for in engineering design ?
CAD stands for Computer Aided Design, used for creating precise engineering and architectural drawings digitally.
83. Which type of fit has maximum allowance ?
Clearance fit allows a shaft to rotate or slide freely inside a hole, providing the maximum allowance between mating parts.
84. Which one is a renewable energy source ?
Solar energy is a renewable source because it is naturally replenished and does not deplete over time.
85. What is the unit of thermal conductivity in SI ?
Thermal conductivity is measured in watts per meter per kelvin (W/m•K), indicating heat flow through a material.
86. Which tool is used to measure external diameter precisely ?
An outside micrometer is designed to measure the external diameter or thickness of small objects with high precision.
87. Which instrument is used to measure voltage ?
A voltmeter measures the potential difference (voltage) between two points in a circuit
88. What is the function of a transformer ?
A transformer changes the level of AC voltage, either stepping it up or down.
89. Which component opposes change in current ?
An inductor resists sudden changes in current by generating a back EMF.
90. How many electrons are in one coulomb of charge ?
1 Coulomb = 6.24×10186.24 electrons (based on the elementary charge 1.6×10−191.6 per electron).
91. Which gate gives high output only when both inputs are high ?
An AND gate outputs high only if both inputs are high.
92. Which device is used to convert digital signals into analog ?
DAC (Digital to Analog Converter) converts digital data (0s and 1s) into continuous analog signals.
93. What is the function of a relay ?
A relay is an electrically operated switch that uses electromagnetic force to open or close circuits.
94. The unit of inductance is:
Inductance is measured in Henries (H), representing the property of opposing current changes.
95. Which of these is a unidirectional device ?
A diode allows current to flow in only one direction, hence it is called a unidirectional device.
96. Which instrument is used to measure frequency ?
A frequency meter is specifically designed to measure the frequency of an AC signal.
97. What is the unit of force in SI system ?
The SI unit of force is the Newton (N), defined as the force required to accelerate 1 kg of mass by 1 m/s².
98. Which metal is liquid at room temperature ?
Mercury is the only metal that is liquid at room temperature (approx. 25°C).
99. Which gas is used in a MIG welding process ?
MIG welding (Metal Inert Gas) typically uses Argon as a shielding gas to protect the weld pool from atmospheric contamination.
100. What is the function of a flywheel ?
What is the function of a flywheel?
A) Reduce friction
B) Store rotational energy ✅
C) Measure temperature
D) Lubricate engine
Explanation:
A flywheel stores rotational kinetic energy, helping maintain constant speed in machines by balancing fluctuations.
101. The tool used for internal threading is:
A tap is used to cut internal threads in a hole, while a die is used for external threads.